The generation of light energy will generally be accompanied by heat generation, light bulbs in the process of light will produce heat, LED bulbs in the process of light, is a conversion of electrical energy into light energy, in this conversion process, it is impossible to convert all the electrical energy into light energy, according to the law of conservation of energy, the remaining part of the electrical energy will be converted into heat energy.
How much heat is generated in the end?
Determined by the light-emitting efficiency of semiconductor light-emitting diodes. If the luminous efficiency of a light-emitting diode can reach 40% or 50%, then the remaining 60% or 50% of the electrical energy will be converted into heat in other forms. The P-N structure works by converting electrical energy through various media into light energy that we can see with the naked eye. The luminous efficiency of light emitting diodes therefore takes into account factors such as the input rate of current in the LED circuit, the luminous efficiency of the LED chip and the light transmission rate outside the chip.
And with the use of LED bulbs, the stability of the LED chip will rise, the temperature rise will further reduce the luminous efficiency, leading to more heat generation, so that the product a vicious circle, creating more problems. But how much heat can LED bulbs actually generate?
LED in the light-emitting process, there are physics knowledge to explain, LED P-N structure, in the role of electric field, many free electrons to obtain electrical energy, from the N zone to jump to the P zone, and in the P zone compound, compound when the free electrons release excess energy, these energy in the form of photons released, the energy difference between this, will be converted into heat.
And in the electron from one N area into another P area, the process in between will encounter resistance, will also do work, consume part of the electrical energy, consume this part of the electrical energy will eventually be converted into light energy. Under the physics explanation, ordinary diodes, in which the compounding of electron-hole pairs occurs is due to the factor of the energy level difference Eg, and the photon spectrum released is not in the visible light range.
But in fact, the electrons from the N region to jump to the P region, and in the P region when the compound, not the external electrical energy will be directly converted, but originally the N region of the electron energy is higher than the P region, but only under the action of the external power plant, to promote the N region of the electrons to the P region directional movement, and the electrons in the N region and the P region itself, the energy difference is not provided by the external power plant, this energy difference depends on the LED material itself. So to a certain extent, the LED heat generation, the underlying cause is the LED luminous efficiency is not high, so that the electrical energy is not efficiently converted into light energy, will lead to excess energy in the form of heat release. So at this stage, we need to fundamentally improve the light efficiency of LEDs, for example, by improving the packaging technology of LED chips, the reasonable use of LED resistance, the efficient use of LED drivers, etc., to reduce the generation of heat.
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